During operation of the energy system, thermal stratification can be established in the hot water store, that is the temperature in the upper part of the hot water store is high and
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The most important thermal characteristics for hot water stores are: heat storage capacity, heat loss, heat exchange capacity rates to and from the hot water storage and temperature stratification in the hot water store.
Storing hot water is a good means to store energy, as water accumulates a lot of heat per unit of weight. A hot water storage tank can help reduce energy consumption as it takes less energy to keep water warm (once it has already been heated) than it takes to heat cold water.
Such panels are suitable especially for box-shaped hot water stores. Big box-shaped hot water stores with vacuum insulation can in the future work as long-term heat stores .
Hot water stores for solar heating systems for space heating and domestic hot water supply
Consequently, water is a suitable heat storage material, and water is today used as a heat storage material in almost all heat stores for energy systems making use of a heat storage operating in the temperature interval from 0 °C to 100 °C. 2.2. Principles of sensible heat storage systems involving water
The hot water stores are normally insulated with an insulation material with a low thermal conductivity in order to reduce heat losses of the stores. Normally the tank material or the material enveloping the water volume as well as all the equipment inside the heat store is heated to the same temperature as the water in the hot water store.